Great Andes Trail: Argentina’s Landmark Decree for Sustainable High-Mountain Tourism in Mendoza

The majestic silhouette of the Andes has long served as Western Argentina’s silent guardian, but a significant shift in environmental and tourism policy has recently been implemented, ushering this rugged frontier into a new era of structured preservation. The Mendoza government has officially established the “Great Andes Trail” (Gran Sendero de los Andes) as a cornerstone of state policy with the issuance of Decree 2714. This ambitious initiative is being led by the Mendoza Tourism Entity (EMETUR) in collaboration with provincial authorities. It is intended to ensure that the mountain range is recognised not just as a backdrop but also as the structural axis of the region’s identity. By combining nature, culture, and historical memory, a new model for responsible exploration is being proposed for travellers worldwide.

A 600-Kilometer Corridor of Natural and Ancestral Heritage

A vast expanse of over 600 kilometres is encompassed by this trail, which is intended to serve as a continuous link between the diverse ecosystems of the north and south. The route is anchored in the north by the formidable presence of Aconcagua Hill—the highest peak in the Western Hemisphere—and is extended southward to the Barrancas River. Along this trajectory, ancient paths that were once utilized by indigenous populations are retraced. These segments are integrated into the Qhapaq Ñan, or the Andean Road System, which has been internationally recognized as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site. By following these historic footprints, a unique fusion of biodiversity, archaeology, and regional history is offered to the modern trekker.

Argentina’s Inaugural Long-Distance High Mountain Trek

As the first long-distance high-mountain trail of its kind in Argentina, the Great Andes Trail is distinguished by its unprecedented scale. The connection between Aconcagua and the Pehuenche Pass is facilitated through a network of sports, tourism, and cultural sections. Within this corridor, six protected natural areas are crossed, further reinforcing the environmental profile of the province. These protected zones include the Aconcagua Provincial Park, the Cordón del Plata Provincial Park, and the Tupungato Provincial Park. By threading these areas together, a cohesive narrative of conservation is maintained across some of the most dramatic landscapes in South America.

Preserving the Fragile Giants: The Role of Natural Reserves

The ecological integrity of the trail is bolstered by the inclusion of several critical natural reserves. The Manzano-Portillo de Piuquenes Natural Reserve, the Laguna del Diamante Natural Reserve, and the Laguna del Atuel Natural Water Reserve are all integrated into the route’s geography. Together, these territories are estimated to cover approximately 30% of Mendoza’s total provincial surface. Because these high-mountain environments are characterized by their fragility, the formalization of the trail is seen as a vital step in safeguarding water sources and high-altitude flora and fauna. These spaces are no longer viewed as isolated pockets of wilderness but are instead treated as a unified ecological corridor.

Accessibility and Inclusion in the High Peaks

While many segments of the trail are defined by the difficult access and physical demands typical of the high Andes, a spectrum of difficulty levels is considered within the project. Less complex routes are included to ensure that the experience is not limited to elite mountaineers. Accessible sectors, such as the Mountain Park located near the City of Mendoza, are utilized to expand citizen participation and local engagement. This tiered approach allows for a broader demographic of visitors to interact with the mountain environment, thereby fostering a deeper public connection to the provincial landscape and its preservation.

Ecotourism as a Catalyst for Sustainable Development

The fundamental philosophy of the Great Andes Trail is rooted in ecotourism, which is leveraged as a primary tool for sustainable development. Low-impact activities, such as trekking and hiking, are promoted to encourage direct contact with the natural world without the degradation often associated with mass tourism. Through this modality, environmental education is facilitated, as travellers are made aware of the delicate balance required to maintain high-mountain ecosystems. The knowledge of cultural heritage is also deepened, strengthening the collective consciousness regarding the necessity of conservation.

Stimulating the Regional Mountain Economy

Beyond environmental benefits, the local economy is expected to be significantly boosted by the formalization of this route. Opportunities are created for family-owned businesses, specialized mountain guides, and various service providers related to outdoor activities. By channelling tourism into rural and high-altitude areas, a decentralized economic model is supported. This ensures that the benefits of the trail are felt by the communities that have historically resided in the shadows of these peaks. Consequently, a proposal that harmonizes conservation, identity, and responsible growth is consolidated in the heart of the Andes.

A Vision for the Future of Andean Exploration

The creation of the Great Andes Trail marks a watershed moment in how the mountain range is perceived and managed. It is no longer viewed as a barrier or a resource to be exploited but rather as a living museum of natural and human history. As the project progresses, the incorporation of technology, improved signage, and safety protocols is expected to improve the traveller experience. Mendoza’s dedication to this “natural backbone” ensures that the Andes’ majesty is preserved for future generations, while also serving as a world-class destination for those seeking a deep connection with nature.

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